Engine



Jan., 2, 1923. 1,440,825.

A. GUAITA...

ENGINE.

FILED MAY 3,1922- Iwraw fa 4 Qua/fa Patented lat; a; teas;

has ports 25-25' internal combustion nmtan stares [talc-tat Atrnnnoswarm, or 'rnnrn, rranrl nnernn To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ALFREDO GUA1TA,a subject of the King of ltaly,andresident of Turin, Italy, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Engines, of which the following is a specification,

The present invention relates to two stroke engines and has for itsobject an engine which comprises one or more pairs of concentriccylinders arranged inalignment with each other, and driving pistons eachlocated in one of said cylinders and connected by pairs, these pistonsacting also to control inlet and exhaust ports provided in the walls ofsaid. cylinders.

The figure of the annexed drawing shows by way of example an embodimentof the present invention in central vertical section.

In said embodiment 1 and 2 are concentric cylinders supported by a frame0 in alignment with and spaced apart to some extent from each other.These'cylinders are connected by a sleeve 3 which is fastened to theadjacent opposite cylinder covers and opens into the respective cylinderchambers.

The upper cylinder is closed by a top. cover 21 while the lower oneopens into a closed chamber 11 which in thisembodimentis rovided by thecrank case.

Within the cylinders 1 and 2 are located the respective pistons 5' and 6which are hollow and bell shaped with their-transverse walls or bottomsarranged-towards each other and connected by a hollow rod e whichreciprocates gas-pressure-tight through the sleeve 3. 2

The cylinders 1 and 2 are provided with ports 23-23 respectively, whichare located at points spaced to equal distances from the ends of therespective cylinders located adjacent to each other and said ports 23-23are adapted to be shut by their cooperating pistons and to remain cleartherefrom on these pistons reaching one end of the stroke;

other ports 24-24 are provided in the cylinders which are similarly shutby their re-.

spective pistons 5 and 6 and are arranged to remain clear therefrom onthe pistons reaching the opposite end of their stroke. V In the middleportion of the hollow rod 4 is located a transverse partition 26 whichprovides in said rod two chambers 5, 6 opening in the respective pistons5-6; at the two sides bf said partition said hollow rod 4 hereinafterdescribed.

The ports 23-23 open in annular cham- '23 are open bers 27 -27 having aconnection 31 for inlet of a combustible charge or of an air charge, theports 2 1-2 1 open respectively in annular chambers'28-28 having anoutet 32.

The intermediate sleeve,3 and the'adjacent workingchambers of thecylinders 1 and 2 are preferably provided with a cooling water 3acket29*.

Each cylinder is provided with igniting means which are shown by way ofexample in the form of sparking plugs 30.

The lower piston 5 is connected by a rod 33with a crank shaft 34:journalled in the frame 0, as usuaL.

The operation'is as follows: assuming the reciprocating pistons 5 and 6to be in the position shown by the diagram that is at their lower deadcentre, the ports 24: of the cylinder 1 are cleared and the combustiongases of a previous operation are discharged 'through28 and 32,while theports 25 admit into the same cylinder 1 an amount of fresh charge whichhas been compressed in the casing l lvdu-rin'g the downward stroke ofthe piston 5, this piston scribed and putting in communication thecasing 11 with the chamber 5' of the hollow rod 4, as described.

' At this time in the cylinder 2 is being completed the compressionstroke during which 5 being hollow as dethe ports 241-25 are closed,while the ports for admission of mixture or air into the space 2 Thenthe pistons 5-6 tive cylinders Land 2; ports 25 are closed as soon asthe lower porrise in their respecin the first one the tion of the hollowrod 4 has entered the sleeve I 3 and the ports 24 are closed by thepiston. Then in the cylinder 1 is made the compression of the charge andat the same time a vacuum is produced in the space 1' and in the chamber11.

Near the end of this stroke the piston 5 clears the ports-23 and thenthe charge supplied through the supply duct 31 may enter the chamber 11in which a vacuum has been produced as described.

Thereafter is promoted the ignition and combustion of the mixturecompressed in the cylinder and the piston 5 is caused to make itsdownward stroke during which it compresses in the space-1' and thechamber 11, the charge intended to enter the cylinder 1 through theports 25 after this stroke has been completed. 1 r

' space 2 out departing from th 'vention which is only Then the engineis again in the position shown on the drawing and the same operation isrepeated. 4

e operation in the cylinder 2 is similar he above described one andmoreparticularly when the piston 6 is moved upwardly by the combustionof the charge in the cylinder 2, it compresses the charge in the topportion 2 of the cylinder; at the end of this stroke the exhaust port 24and the supply one 25 are clear fromthe piston so as to produce aninjection of the cylinder and the exhaust of gases therefrom. Then themoved down by the operation of the engine to compress the charge inthecy'linder'2 and to draw a further amount of charge into the and soon.

In each of the cylinders is thus obtained a two stroke cycle and theoperations of the cylinders are so timed as to; driving actions witheach revo ution of the crank shaft, this making very even the running ofthe engine which operates like a double acting engine. I

he described arrangement makes possible to provide the inlet and exhaustports at two opposite ends of each cylinder and thus the combustiongases may be fully exhausted, without any loss of fresh mixture. I

Further all the admission and exhaust ports are controlled directly bythe driving pistons and by parts solid therewith, without any additionalmoving part or valve.

the combustion.

The engine maybe operated by means of liquid fuel which s atomized orconverted into gas before being supplied to the inlet ducts 31, or itmay beoperated-by introducing a et of liquid gaseous fuel may b ent'positions than that illustrated, say they horizontal or inclined, andmany other modifications may be introduced in the construction describedand'illustrated, withe spirit of this indefined by the ap pended claimWhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by United StatesLetters Patent is I 1. In an engine, a ranged in alignment and exh trolthe admission and exhaust to and from said cylinders.

ii an engine, a pair of cylinders arranged-in alignment with each other,inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a piston .hollow charge intothe piston is. again hollow rod to the Iproduce two'- cooperating tocontrol the alignment with in each cylinder, a hollow rod connectingsaid pistons',a partition in said rod, this rod having passages at thetwo sides of said partition leading from the hollow of each pistontothe} chamber of the respective cylinder, means connecting said pistonsand rod to the engine crank 'shaft, sa1'd lstons and hollowrodcooperating to conrol the admission and exhaust'to and from c the enginecylinders, I

a pair of cylinders arhollow rod sliding through said connecting saidpistons, "said rod'having' ports adapted to open into said cylinders,and means connecting said pistons and engine crank shaft, said pistonsand rod cooperating to control the admission and exhaust to and from theengine cylinders.

4. In an engine, a pair of cylinders in alignment with each other, inletand exhaust ports in' each cylinder intermediate its ends, a sleeveconnecting said cylinders, a piston in' each cylinder,

ofsaid ports and clear the other one when it is at one end of-itsstroke, a hollow rod stroke and having such an extension as to close onemg said pistons and hollow rod with the engine cran kshaft, said pistonsand ports admission and exhaust to and from said cylinders.

5.-In an engine, a pair of cylinders in alignment with each other, inletand exhaust ports in each cylinder intermediate its ends,

a sleeve connecting said cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, thispiston being hollow and connecting said pistons and having anintermediate partition, and ports at the two sides of this partition,these ports being so located as to open into the cy inder when thepiston is closing said inlet ports and clearing-the exhaust ones, andmeans connecting said pistons and hollow rod with the engine crankshaft, said pistons and ports cooperating to control the a ission a dexhaust to and from said cylinders.

11 an engine, a pair of cylinders in each other,

when it is at one end of its stroke, a hollow rod connecting saidpistons in such a respective position as one of them clears the inletports of its cylinder at the time the other one clears the exhaust portsof its own cylinder, said hollow rod having an intermediate partitionand ports at the two sides of this partition,

the ports of said rod being so located as to open into the cylinder whenthe piston is closing said inlet ports and 10 clearing the exhaust one.

Signed at Turin,

April A. D. 1922.

Italy, this 7th day of ALFREDO GUAITA.

